Lute: the lute can refer generally to any string instrument having the strings running in a plane parallel to the sound table (in the Hornbostel–Sachs system), more specifically to any plucked string instrument with a neck (either fretted or unfretted) and a deep round back, or more specifically to an instrument from the family of European lutes.Newer lyres were modified to be played with a bow. It was played with the right hand, while the left hand silenced the notes that were not desired. Its strings varied in quantity from four, seven, and ten, depending on the era. Lyre: its construction is similar to a small harp, although instead of being plucked, it is strummed with a plectrum.Its similarities to the vihuela were sharp waist-cuts, similar frets, a flat back, thin ribs, and identical tuning. This changed the posture of the musician in order to rest it against the floor or between the legs in a manner similar to the cello. It has structural qualities similar to the Spanish vihuela its main separating trait is its larger size. Viol: this instrument, developed in the fifteenth century, commonly has six strings.Sackbut (sometimes sackbutt or sagbutt): a different name for the trombone, which replaced the slide trumpet by the middle of the fifteenth century.Īs a family, strings were used in many circumstances, both sacred and secular.Period trumpets were found to have two rings soldered to them, one near the mouthpiece and another near the bell. They were most commonly used in the military and for the announcement of royalty. Although commonly depicted being used by angels, their use in churches was limited, a prominent exception being the music of the Venetian School. Trumpet: early trumpets had no valves and were limited to the tones present in the overtone series.It was said to be the closest instrument to the human voice with the ability to use dynamics and expression. The serpent became practically the only cornetto used by the early seventeenth century while other ranges were replaced by the violin. It was commonly made in several sizes the largest was called the serpent.
Cornett: made of wood and played like the recorder (discussed at greater length below) but blown like a trumpet.Three cornetts: mute cornett, curved cornett, and tenor cornett Instrumental music remained subordinated to vocal music, and much of its repertory was in varying ways derived from or dependent on vocal models. They were used for dances and to accompany vocal music. Only two groups of instruments could play freely in both types of ensembles: the cornett and sackbut, and the tabor and tambourine.Īt the beginning of the sixteenth century, instruments were considered to be less important than voices. From at least as early as the thirteenth century through the fifteenth century there was a division of instruments into haut (loud, shrill, outdoor instruments) and bas (quieter, more intimate instruments). Medieval instruments in Europe had most commonly been used singly, often self accompanied with a drone, or occasionally in parts. As in the modern day, instruments may be classified as brass, strings, percussion, and woodwind. Some have survived to the present day others have disappeared, only to be recreated in order to perform music of the period on authentic instruments. Many instruments originated during the Renaissance others were variations of, or improvements upon, instruments that had existed previously. The lute also provided the music for the game of musical chairs they played, with cushions laid in a row.\).The classical mandolin - as opposed to its slightly different bluegrass cousin - looks like a stunted lute.The second lute song, Essex's own poem, does not stand out unduly.He flew into a rage with him and brained him with his lute.The moon went behind a cloud, and Guy heard Blondel dear his throat and touch the strings of his lute.
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